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Что (кто) такое engineering cybernetics - определение
Engineering cybernetics
BRANCH OF CYBERNETICS CONCERNED WITH APPLICATIONS IN ENGINEERING
Technical cybernetics; Technical Cybernetics; Engineering Cybernetics
Engineering cybernetics also known as technical cybernetics or cybernetic engineering, is the branch of cybernetics concerned with applications in engineering, in fields such as control engineering and robotics.
Second-order cybernetics
![Diagram from [[Stewart Brand]]'s 1976 conversation with Margaret Mead and Gregory Bateson, noting that they and Norbert Wiener understood themselves as participant observers in contrast to the detached "input-output" approach typical of engineering](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/SOCyberntics.png?width=200 "Diagram from [[Stewart Brand]]'s 1976 conversation with Margaret Mead and Gregory Bateson, noting that they and Norbert Wiener understood themselves as participant observers in contrast to the detached \"input-output\" approach typical of engineering")
THE OBSERVER IS AN INTEGRAL PART OF THE SYSTEM BEING OBSERVED
Second order cybernetics; Cybernetics of cybernetics; New cybernetics; Metacybernetics; New Cybernetics; New Cybenertics
Second-order cybernetics, also known as the cybernetics of cybernetics, is the recursive application of cybernetics to itself and the reflexive practice of cybernetics according to such a critique. It is cybernetics where "the role of the observer is appreciated and acknowledged rather than disguised, as had become traditional in western science".
engineering
![A water-powered [[mine hoist]] used for raising ore, ca. 1556](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Agricola1.jpg?width=200 "A water-powered [[mine hoist]] used for raising ore, ca. 1556")
![A drawing for a [[steam locomotive]]. Engineering is applied to [[design]], with emphasis on function and the utilization of mathematics and science.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Booster-Layout.jpg?width=200 "A drawing for a [[steam locomotive]]. Engineering is applied to [[design]], with emphasis on function and the utilization of mathematics and science.")
![fluid flow]] and the [[heat equation]]s.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/CFD Shuttle.jpg?width=200 "fluid flow]] and the [[heat equation]]s.")
![rotor and stator]] as well as the [[steam cycle]] all need to be carefully designed and optimized.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Dampfturbine Montage01.jpg?width=200 "rotor and stator]] as well as the [[steam cycle]] all need to be carefully designed and optimized.")
![Radar, [[GPS]], [[lidar]], ... are all combined to provide proper navigation and [[obstacle avoidance]] (vehicle developed for 2007 [[DARPA Urban Challenge]])](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/ElementBlack2.jpg?width=200 "Radar, [[GPS]], [[lidar]], ... are all combined to provide proper navigation and [[obstacle avoidance]] (vehicle developed for 2007 [[DARPA Urban Challenge]])")
![Genetically engineered mice expressing [[green fluorescent protein]], which glows green under blue light. The central mouse is [[wild-type]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/GFP Mice 01.jpg?width=200 "Genetically engineered mice expressing [[green fluorescent protein]], which glows green under blue light. The central mouse is [[wild-type]].")
![Relief map of the [[Citadel of Lille]], designed in 1668 by [[Vauban]], the foremost military engineer of his age.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Grondplan citadel Lille.JPG?width=200 "Relief map of the [[Citadel of Lille]], designed in 1668 by [[Vauban]], the foremost military engineer of his age.")
![Offshore platform, [[Gulf of Mexico]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gulf Offshore Platform.jpg?width=200 "Offshore platform, [[Gulf of Mexico]]")
![[[Hoover Dam]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hoover dam from air.jpg?width=200 "[[Hoover Dam]]")
![Kismet]] can produce a range of facial expressions.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Kismet-IMG 6007-gradient.jpg?width=200 "Kismet]] can produce a range of facial expressions.")
![[[Leonardo da Vinci]], seen here in a self-portrait, has been described as the epitome of the artist/engineer.<ref name="Bjerklie, David"/> He is also known for his studies on [[human anatomy]] and [[physiology]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Leonardo da Vinci - presumed self-portrait - WGA12798.jpg?width=200 "[[Leonardo da Vinci]], seen here in a self-portrait, has been described as the epitome of the artist/engineer.<ref name=\"Bjerklie, David\"/> He is also known for his studies on [[human anatomy]] and [[physiology]].")
![The ''[[InSight]]'' lander with solar panels deployed in a cleanroom](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/PIA19664-MarsInSightLander-Assembly-20150430.jpg?width=200 "The ''[[InSight]]'' lander with solar panels deployed in a cleanroom")
![aqueducts]] to bring a steady supply of clean and fresh water to cities and towns in the empire.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pont du Gard BLS.jpg?width=200 "aqueducts]] to bring a steady supply of clean and fresh water to cities and towns in the empire.")
![The [[International Space Station]] is used to conduct science experiments in space](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/The station pictured from the SpaceX Crew Dragon 5 (cropped).jpg?width=200 "The [[International Space Station]] is used to conduct science experiments in space")
![The application of the steam engine allowed coke to be substituted for charcoal in iron making, lowering the cost of iron, which provided engineers with a new material for building bridges. This bridge was made of [[cast iron]], which was soon displaced by less brittle [[wrought iron]] as a structural material](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/The world's first iron bridge.jpg?width=200 "The application of the steam engine allowed coke to be substituted for charcoal in iron making, lowering the cost of iron, which provided engineers with a new material for building bridges. This bridge was made of [[cast iron]], which was soon displaced by less brittle [[wrought iron]] as a structural material")
![Engineers, scientists and technicians at work on target positioner inside [[National Ignition Facility]] (NIF) target chamber](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Worker inside the target chamber of the National Ignition Facility.jpg?width=200 "Engineers, scientists and technicians at work on target positioner inside [[National Ignition Facility]] (NIF) target chamber")
![Graphic representation of a minute fraction of the WWW, demonstrating [[hyperlink]]s](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/WorldWideWebAroundWikipedia.png?width=200 "Graphic representation of a minute fraction of the WWW, demonstrating [[hyperlink]]s")
APPLIED SCIENCE
Engineered; Engeneering; Enginering; Graduate Diploma in Engineering; Technical science; Engineerig; Engineering (profession); Engineering (practice); Engineering (skill); Enginreeing; Science and engineering; Science and Engineering; Engineering subjects; Engineering branch
Frequency: The word is one of the 3000 most common words in English.
Engineering is the work involved in designing and constructing engines and machinery, or structures such as roads and bridges. Engineering is also the subject studied by people who want to do this work.
...graduates with degrees in engineering.
N-UNCOUNT
